Atyrau State University after named Kh. Dosmuhamedov
work
" Some problems of accentual structure in English
Written by: Rakhmetolla SB (305 group) by: Tulenova GA
2014
Contents
Introduction
Chapter I. English stress as a phenomenon
1.1 The nature of word stress and prominence
1.2 The placement of word stress
Chapter II. The questions of typology of accentual structure
2.1 Degrees of stress and rhythmical tendency
2.3 Practical analysis showing the types of stress
Conclusion
List of literature
Introduction
In this course paper we shall treat some problems of accentual structure. According to D. Crystal the terms heaviness, sound pressure, force, power, strength, intensity, amplitude, prominence, emphasis, accent, stress tend to be used synonymously by most writers. According to GP Torsuev the notions stressed and prominent" should not be used synonymically. The effect of prominence is created by some phonetic features of sounds which have nothing to do with word or sentence stress .. Avanesov considers the variability in the placement of the Russian word stress an individual sign of every particular word which presents a difficulty for foreign learners and sometimes for the natives. It is interesting to note that Russian word stress may have stylistic distinction and poetic usage, cf. молодий? ц - м ? лодец, дев? ца - д? віца, ш? лковий - шовк? вийapter I. we shall regard to English stress. It is common knowledge that sounds of speech have different degrees of sonority. Vowels are more sonorous than consonants. Open vowels are more sonorous than close ones. The quantitative, and qualitative components of word stress they are also significant.the point 1.1 we shall say about tha nature of word stress and prominence. According to AC Gimson, the effect of prominence is achieved by any or all of four factors: force, tone, length and vowel colour.the point 1.2 we shall consider the placement of word stress. The word siress in English as well as in Russian is not only free but it may also be shifting, performing the semantic function of differentiating lexical units, parts of speech, grammatical formsapter II. We shall pay attention to the question of typology of accentual structure.G. Torsuev Accentual types and accentual structures are closely connected with the morphological type of words, with the number of syllables, the semantic value of the root and the prefix of the word.the point 2.1 we shall to point out degrees of stress and rhythmical tendency. The accentual structure of English words is liable to instability due to the different origin of several layers in the Modern English wordstock. In Germanic languages ??the word stress originally fell on the initial syllable or the second syllable, the root syllable in the English words with prefixes. This tendency was called recessive.aim: to analyse the opinions, poins of view of phoneticians to accentual structure .:
) To give the definitions of word stress
) To sigle out the nature of word stress and prominence
) To study the degrees of word accent.
Chapter I. English stress as a phenomenon
It is common knowledge that sounds of speech have different degrees of sonority. Vowels are more sonorous than consonants. Open vowels are more sonorous than close ones. The quantitative, and qualitative components of word stress they are also significant. Certain distinctions of the vowel length and colour are reduced or lacking in unstressed syllables ^ The fact. strengthens the idea that the accentuation is influenced by the vowel length and, quality. The vowel of the stressed syllable is perceived as never reduced or obscure and longer than the same vowel in the unstressed syllables. Thus, the word stress or accent is also defined as qualitative where the vowel colour or qualily is a means of stress and quantitative with relatively increased length of the stressed vowelpare the quality (colour) and quantity (length) of the same vowel in a word, e. g. ab stract, car-park; ід?,? Чи, Yм?.is fair to mention that there is a terminological confusion in discussing the nature of stress. According to D. Crystal the terms heaviness, sound pressure, force, power, strength, intensity, amplitude, prominence, emphasis, accent,...
