he Government of the Russian Federation consists of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministries.constitution prescribes that the Government of Russia, which corresponds to the Western cabinet structure, consist of a prime minister (chairman of the Government), deputy prime ministers, and federal ministers and their ministries and departments. Within one week of appointment by the president and approval by the State Duma, the prime minister must submit to the president nominations for all subordinate Government positions, including deputy prime ministers and federal ministers. The prime minister carries out administration in line with the constitution and laws and presidential decrees. The ministries of the Government, which numbered twenty-four in mid - 1996, execute credit and monetary policies and defense, foreign policy, and state security functions; ensure the rule of law and respect for human and civil rights; protect property; and take measures against crime. If the Government issues implementing decrees and directives that are at odds with legislation or presidential decrees, the president may rescind them.Government formulates the state budget, submits it to the State Duma, and issues a report on its implementation. In late 1994, the parliament successfully demanded that the Government begin submitting quarterly reports on budget expenditures and adhere to other guidelines on budgetary matters, although the parliament s budgetary powers are limited. If the State Duma rejects a draft budget from the Government, the budget is submitted to a conciliation commission including members from both branches.the ministries, in тисячі дев'ятсот дев'яносто шість the executive branch included eleven state committees and forty-six state services and agencies, ranging from the State Space Agency (Glavkosmos) to the State Committee for Statistics (Goskomstat). There were also myriad agencies, boards, centers, councils, commissions, and committees.judiciaryMinistry of Justice administers Russia s judicial system. The ministry s responsibilities include the establishment of courts and the appointment of judges at levels below the federal district courts. The ministry also gathers forensic statistics and conducts sociological research and educational programs applicable to crime prevention. twenty-three-member Supreme Court is Russia s highest court of origination and of appeals for consideration of criminal, civil, and administrative cases. Its chairman in 1996 року, Vyacheslav Lebedev, had been a judge in Leningrad and Moscow for nineteen years before his appointment in 1989. The Superior Court of Arbitration, which is headed by a board of one chairman and four deputy chairmen, is the highest court for the resolution of economic disputes. Courts of arbitration also exist at lower jurisdictional levels. The nineteen-member Constitutional Court decides whether federal laws, presidential and federal decrees and directives, and local constitutions, charters, and laws comply with the federal constitution. Treaties between the national government and a regional jurisdiction and between regional jurisdictions are subject to the same oversight. The Constitutional Court also resolves jurisdictional disputes between federal or local organs of power, and it also may be asked to interpret the federal constitution.the constitution, judges of the three highest courts serve for life and are appointed by the Federation Council after nomination by the president. The president appoints judges at the next level, the federal district courts. The minister of justice is responsible for appointing judges to regional and city courts. However, in practice many appointments below the national level still are made by the chief executives of subnational jurisdictions, a practice that has perpetuated local political influence on judges 'decisions.
constitution russian federation
Vocabulary
Diversity[d??v?rs?ti]разнообразиеcompulsory[k?m?p?ls?ri]обязательныйcontent[?k?nt?nt]содержаниеaccordance[??k?rd?ns]соответствиеaffairs[??f?rz]делаambassadors [? m? b? s ?d?rz]послыempowered[?m?pa??rd]уполномоченныйconsent[k?n?s?nt]согласиеimplies[?m?pla?z]предполагаетguidelines[?ga??dla?nz]руководящие указанияDiversity[d??v?rs?ti]разнообразиеcompulsory[k?m?p?ls?ri]обязательныйcontent[?k?nt?nt]содержаниеaccordance[??k?rd?ns]соответствиеaffairs[??f?rz]делаambassadors [? m? b? s ?d?rz]послыempowered[?m?pa??rd]уполномоченныйconsent[k?n?s?nt]согласиеimplies[?m?pla?z]предполагаетguidelines[?ga??dla?nz]руководящие вказівки
