ourt where a juvenile is tried, to assist in their taking part in the trial.defendant under the age of 18 may give evidence by live link if:
· it would be in the interests of justice to do so
· the defendant's ability to participate effectively as a witness is compromised by his level of intelligence or social functioning and that his ability to participate effectively would be improved by giving evidence via a live link.
Chapter II. Juvenile System in Russia - the actual of it
2.1 The public authorities
Juvenile Justice in Russia (from Lat. Juvenalis - young and Justice) - a system of state organs exercising the justice in cases of crimes and offenses committed by minors, as well as governmental and nongovernmental organizations, conducting control over the correction and rehabilitation of juvenile offenders and the prevention of juvenile delinquency, social protection of family and children's rights.the Russian Federation regulatory framework, which is necessary for the introduction of the state juvenile system, is under discussion today.modern Russia, since Soviet times, some commissions for minors are successfully operating. For example, the Commission for minors and protection of their rights under the Governor of the Moscow region. Raquo ;. There is also a Government Commission on Juvenile led by Rashid Nurgaliyev, the chief policeman of the country.
. 2 The legislative framework
work of these commissions based on our current federal laws, where the chief among them is - The Federal Law on Prevention of child neglect and juvenile delinquency June 9, 1999. Juvenile justice Russia is somewhat different from the west, where a number of countries (Germany, USA, Belgium, South Africa and India) created separate courts for juveniles. The main debated draft - Draft Federal Constitutional Law № 38948-3 «On Amendments to the Federal Constitutional Law of the Russian Federation On the Judicial System in the Russian Federation raquo ;. Indirectly affect juvenile justice issues such laws as:
) Draft Federal Law № 198484-5 «On Amendments to the Federal Law On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the child in the Russian Federation »
) Draft Federal Law № 408759-4 On Amending Article 9 of the Federal Law On Prevention of child neglect and juvenile delinquency
) Draft Federal Law № 143212-4 «On Amendments to the Family Code of the Russian Federation".
. 3 The current situation
Separate bills suggest not to curtail the idea of ??the juvenile justice system, only to the creation of criminal courts for juveniles, but to design some projects to solve the broader problem:
) creation of juvenile civil courts,
2) special penal system for juvenile s social issues, which are related to minors without parental care (including the cases of deprivation of parental rights) some cases, it provides the empowerment of social services, which are essentially empowered to control the parents and their parental responsibilities, including appeals, made by children themselves. Individual projects intended to cover medical issues, in particular: sexual education of children family plan On the basis of the Rostov branch of the Russian Academy of Justice in December +2003 there have been opened the regional association of professionals on supporting judicial reform and juvenile justice in the Rostov region. It is designed to provide information and methodological assistance to the courts, authorities and the preventing system of child neglect and juvenile delinquency, also to the local government. In March +2004, in Taganrog, there was opened Russia's first juvenile court. In essence, the plan was limited to the release of special judges for juveniles in a separate building. Among the peculiarities of the court there was an active involvement of children in the trials. the beginning of July 2010 Russia has the following 10 specialized judicial structures (juvenile courts of general jurisdiction): region: Taganrog City Court (in 2004), Shakhty Town Court (2005), Egorlyksky District Court (2006), Azov City Court (2010 ) region: Angarsk City Court (2006) Republic of Khakassia: Abakan City Court (2006) Krai: Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky city court region: Eletskii District Court (2008) region: (Volodarskiy Bezhetskiy and district courts in Bryansk, Dubrovsky District Court). ing.
2.4 The critics of the Juvenile System in Russia
of the Russian public believes that the rules of juvenile justice are in conflict with the Russian national mentality,...
