sultans, palaces a nd kГјlliyes (Muslim charitable institutions). The Ottoman architecture is characterized by strict hierarchy of scales and materials. For example only those mosques could have 2 or more minarets which were ordered by a member of the Ottoman family. Lots of architectures were imported from Greece or Armenia.mastered the technique of building vast inner spaces confined by seemingly weightless yet massive domes, and achieving perfect harmony between inner and outer spaces, as well as light and shadow. Islamic religious architecture, which until then consisted of simple buildings with extensive decorations, was transformed by the Ottomans through a dynamic architectural vocabulary of vaults, domes, semi domes and columns. The mosque was transformed from being a cramped and dark chamber with arabesque-covered walls into a sanctuary of esthetic and technical balance, refined elegance and a hint of heavenly transcendence.early Ottoman mosques had only 1 huge prayer room, which was covered by semicircular dome . Covered hall and minarets outside also belonged to the mosques.these were completed with arcaded courtyards. Usually the entrance hall is covered by 7 domes. Walls are filled with rubble stone.the occupation of Constantinople, the form of mosques went through lots of changes. Orthodox churches were often changed to mosques; the most famous of these is the Hagia Sophia. As an effect of these examples, higher mosques with one dome became widespread and the inner spaces were expanded also.architecturally interesting thing is about Hagia Sophia is that - according to the experts - it could resist a 7,5 magnitude earthquake. The Northern-Anatolian fault line is close to Istanbul and earthquakes are frequent. It is because its flexibility is incredible, considering the time when it was built (AD 532). It is due to the special solutions and materials used. One of the special solutions is that the dome is standing on columns and not on a cylinder; the other solution is that the 40 windows of the building hinder the building against disintegration. The special materials are the bricks, which are extremely easy and the mortar, which contains calcium and silicone. In case of quakes, these indigents react with each other and strengthen the mortar along the gap after 1500 years also.
VI. LIST OF SOURCES
1.Anderson, June. Return to Tradition: The Revitalization of Turkish Village Carpets, 2008. p> 2.Holod, Renata, and Ahmet Evin. Modern Turkish Architecture, 2006. p> 3.Metz, Helen Chapin. Turkey: A Country Study, 2007. p> 4.Ozbay, Ferhunde, ed. Women, Family and Social Change in Turkey, 2007. p> 5.Pinar, Selman. A History of Turkish Painting, 2006. p> 6.Turkish Cultural Foundation: < .
. Turkish Odyssey: < .
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