h deprivation makes for it a personal damage and fall more considerable, than. This subjective surplus - a damage rather with average value - should be compensated on justice. It is easy to see that Thomas Aquinas 's these reasonings make a starting point so-called damhum emergens. p> Other motivation of additional profit - as compensations for the special benefits resulting for the buyer from a subject of sale is possible also. But this qualification Thomas Aquinas does not recognise, because nobody can sell that does not belong to it, and in this case special benefit is a condition entered, not dependent on the seller. p> Besides this subjective moment ennobling value of a thing, Thomas Aquinas supposes also other rather essential conditions, but, unfortunately, does not develop more in detail the thoughts in this direction and is limited to that marks supervising reasons. Thus, it becomes clear that for Thomas Aquinas the main business in the purpose of any business. For the sake of the help poor, either household maintenance, or advantage public it is possible to search for profits in trading business. There is no need to extend, what gap is punched by this assumption in the doctrine about strict balance of equivalents. The second assumption is even more considerable - work grants the right to a merchant to search, compensations - in this case profits. Thomas Aquinas does not explain, however, conditions of such work. There is also in a shade a vital issue about ways of definition of the fair price.
Other question is a question on the credit. From the point of view of the doctrine about the fair price Thomas Aquinas does not suppose an eminence of the price depending on a delay of payment or its reduction owing to premature payment. As to using the capital, whether it be money or other subjects, it cannot be aloof separately from the subject and consequently any sale on credit is usury.
In scholastic motivation the main reason of prohibition of sale on credit lay even more deeply. It stood in connection with the general prohibition of a loan under the percent, leaning against the doctrine about futility of money. Having acquired Aristotle's sight on which money is only a criterion of value and the loan is considered mainly from the point of view of transfer and returning of money, the scholasticism with Thomas Aquinas at the head has developed curious, though also absolutely false doctrine about impossibility of a percentage loan. The essence of this doctrine is reduced to thought that subject transfer by one person to another informs the last the property of a thing and the new proprietor thereby gets using. Raises special compensation for using the known sum of money would be to equivalently double sale of the same subject. The one who has sold a wine bottle, cannot besides, raise compensation for the right to drink this wine.
