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Реферат Transport & environmental policy (EU)





er time "(Barnes, Barnes 312). Another type of instrument is so-called Eco-labeling, which makes consumers aware of the issue of environment and stressing out its importance. However in both cases the important thing is that information is made public and is commonly shared by the citizens of Europe. Another form how to intervene in this area is the form of taxation. The main idea is to impose taxes on the activities that cause pollution The last of the concepts is the application of principle of subsidiarity, meaning applying same conditions of competition and same environmental practices to all member countries.


The very important concept of the environment within the EU is that pollution prevention and control has to be more integrated. The main idea of ​​this approach was to supplement existing directives by new ones that would force member states to adapt their minimum discharge standards to best available techniques. This means that technology will be commonly developed but its adaptation will be left to member states to decide how to use it in most efficient way. Every member state will be required to impose limit values ​​for all substances listed in "Annexes to Directives". The main goal or purpose of this approach is to protect environment as a whole rather than let it transfer from one area to another.


Once again the useful thing would be to summarize all the successes and failures that EU has achieved within the concern of environmental policy. Among the biggest successes we could count the fact that despite failure to recognize the importance of environment in the Treaty of Rome it has been achieved later on in 1972 and made a part of TEU. The success is obviously the ability to create the legal principles and main ideas of the policy. Another form of success could be seen in the creation of EEA and establishment of Six Environmental Action Programs that deal with issue of environment into more details. Probably the biggest success was the creation of Market-based instruments to make public aware of an issue and also to make it participate in such an important concept. However there are probably more failures than successes in this case. One of the most obvious failures is that EU does not provide policy with sufficient financial backing therefore preventing it from being effective in a first place. The other failure, closely linked to the previous one, is that even the financial support given to the policy issues is not spent efficiently (not spent on most important concepts). Another failure could be the fact that EU deals with the environmental policy in a very broad sense. It means that it should go more into details and deal with specific areas of the whole environment. Finally, one of the biggest failures similarly to the first policy discussed, is that EU has done great deal of putting all necessary concepts on the paper but still does not do very much in reality. Therefore if the environment, as a crucial issue for everyone of us, has to be taken towards a progress for the future concern of EU would be to find appropriate means for every particular aspect of the whole policy and instead of lovely talks what should be done it has to start practicing these in real world situations. br/>

After analyzing the need, main concepts, workings, successes/failures of transport and environmental policy, there is a necessary task to realize what has to be done by EU in the future for making greater integration and greater progress in all areas of the European Union. We have seen that both policies, as well as many other policies within EU, are of great importance and are more or less closely linked to each other. Both of the policies have the good structural background with all its main working principles and basic ideas but unfortunately these are only well performed in the legislation or treaties. The EU, for its future progress, has to overcome several concepts that it has been missing so far. Firstly, the EU has to redistribute its funding to every policy according to the actual need of particular policy, meaning that it has to provide enough funding for every policy in order to make it work well. Secondly, the funding available has to be spent in most efficient way, meaning that areas of particular policy that really need the financial support have the priority over the others that are less in need of financing. Thirdly, EU when approaching its policies, in most cases tends to get the concern of a policy in general terms. This should be substituted by taking deeper approach, more precisely into specific areas of a problem of policy and then building up a whole aspect of policy. Finally, the most important idea is for EU to establish specific concepts for particular policies and rather then on the proposal based on documents what should be done it must implement these main ideas and concepts more in real life situation. By doin...


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