h Point and Durham in Northern Carolina, Richmond in Virginia and Louisville in Kentucky. Release of cigars from the American tobacco concentrates in the Northeast (the basic centre - Philadelphia).
3.2 The service sector
The service sector- is the largest sector of economy of the USA. In 1997 it has given 4,43 bln. dollars, or 54% of gross national product, and 4/5 workplaces in the country.The service sector includes set of various branches and trades. A complex of business, professional and personal services - the greatest and most diverse group - includes educational and medical services, social service, hotel business, the advertising industry, management, agencies in public relations, and also the numerous enterprises of the household services given to corporations or separate citizens: laundries, dry-cleaners, the car-care centre, etc. In один тисяча дев'ятсот дев'яносто шість all this service complex has given more than 1 bln. dollars, i.e. approximately 15% of gross national product, and in it 45% of all labour of sector of services have been occupied. The contribution of financial and insurance institutes and real estate agencies too has made 15% of gross national product, however in them 8% of workers of sphere of services are occupied only. This group includes banks, loan-and-savings associations, the credit unions and other financial organisations, commodity and stock exchanges, agencies on operations with the real estate. Other largest sector of sphere of services - the enterprises of wholesale and retail trade, it includes restaurants and bars, firms of wholesale trade, shops, and companies dealing with vehicles sale. In один тисяча дев'ятсот дев'яносто шість almost 30% of workers of sphere of service have been occupied in trade, and to their share it was approximately 1/6 costs of all made services. Workers of public sector have made 11% of all services occupied in the sector and have made 1/8 gross national products. At last, to a share of the enterprises of transport, communication and municipal services in 1996 belonged approximately 9% of cost of services and approximately 6,5% of all occupied in service sphere. Automobile, railway and air transport, telecommunication companies, radio-and TV-broadcasting corporations, and also the public service enterprises arehere.of growth of employment in sphere of services have surpassed all other branches and during the period with +1979 on +1995 have made 2 , 3% a year that has led to creation in the country of 24 million new workplaces. Rates of growth of employment as a whole on the country for the same period have made only 1,4% a year. As a result employment has increased in sphere of services from 70% almost to 80% from the general number of the working. As the wages (together with privileges) make workers of sphere of services approximately 75% of wages on manufacture, labour outflow in the industry of service from 1979 on одна тисяча дев'ятсот дев'яносто п'ять has led to the general decrease in a payment approximately on 10%.
3.3 Agriculture of USA
Almost 21mln. people or about 17% of all population works in the agriculture of USA. Nearly 3 millions independent farms deliver feed products to the American consumers. The area of ??an average farm in the USA makes about 400 acres. In 1 984 there were more than 2.3 million farms in the country. However, the very large farms -those with +1000 acres and more account for more than 40% of farm acreage. largest manufacturers of grains making up 2,3% of total of farms, produce about 50% of wheat in the country. Similarly, the largest 2% of the manufacturers of chickens - broilers own 70% of market sales.
Number of firms producing selected products in the USA. 1980es.Numbers of firms producing product44607593770411445bean 511229179141nuts 23046products 1972691354309
There is therefore some concentrations of agricultural production in hands of the largest manufacturers in the USA. But even largest agricultural manufacturers accept the established prices for production. For example, 2% of the manufacturers of grain, that make up 50% of grain production in the USA, are represented by 27000 independent firms. The new firms can also penetrate into the majority of agricultural branches with relative ease. There are special branches - exceptions. For example, there have been state regulation that have limited for many years the number of tobacco producers. However, even domestic manufacturer, who are protected against entry must compete for sales to the foreign manufacturers in the export markets.tax regulation plays important roll in encouraging of farm development in USA. Since +1988 the tax rates on profit in an agriculture have been established at a rate of 15 and 28% whereas earlier t...
