Education Department of the Russian Federation
Perm Financial-Economic College
State educational institution's branch of higher professional education "Financial academy under the Russian Federation's Government "
Report about the
В«Formation in EnglandВ»
Perm, 2009
1. Formation in England
All children, who live in the United Kingdom, according to law, are obligated to learn and to obtain formation. In England, Scotland and on Wales the period of required instruction is designated from five of up to sixteen years. In North Ireland - from four to sixteen. According to law, their parents bear responsibility for visit by the children of the schools or other educational institutions. After the performance of 16 years the instruction ceases to bear required nature, and young people can select, according to their possibilities and aspirations, further formation or to begin working activity. About 70% of young people of Britain, which stepped over 16-year boundary, select further instruction, continuing it either in the same school, where they learned in the previous years or passing into the colleges. About 10% begin to work, and rest 20% is selected obtaining working qualification on so-called government of training of programs - special government programs of working preparation. In 1998-1999 in England and on Wales in these programs were begun to operate 285 thousand young people. In Scotland 1999-2000 - m the same programs covered 38400. br/>
2. System of management and financing of schools
For the formation in Britain the government of the country answers. It achieves its activity in this direction together with the following state institutes: By department on the formation and the labor (Department of education and Employment) in England; By national assembly (National of assembly) on Wales; By department of formation and by the department. p> Higher and further education, preparation and employment (Department of education and Department of higher and Further of education, Training and Employment) in North Ireland.
The public schools of England and Wales are subordinate local to committees on formation. The same system of management and financing of schools by the local educational organs of authority exists and in Scotland, true, here is two schools of gossektora, which are found on the self-guidance. In North Ireland of five committees on formation they manage, lead and govern all subordinate by them by schools.
The system of financing schools is achieved in Britain through the local authorities, which distribute funds the dependence, mainly, on the number of students in one or other school or another. Separately are separated budgets to the so-called special programs, for example, for the support of information texnologies or the development of procedures on the basis of an improvement in the teaching of grammar and arithmetic.
In the specific numbers of the means, isolated from the state budget to the educational purposes, they appear as follows: 2000-2001 - m in that connected Kingdom for the formation it will be spent by 4,8% of GNP. In July 2000 the government of the country declared about the fact that as a whole the expenditures for formation in Britain will increase by 6,6% per year. This means that into the period between 1999-2000 and 2003-2004 yr. they are achieved the order 58 billion of pounds sterling.
3. Pre-school instruction
Although the required instruction of children in the schools of Britain begins from the five-year age (in North Ireland - from the four year old), it went in the recent decades rapid development and the expansion of the sphere of pre-school instruction, which made precisely this sphere of one of the most "undergone" reform. The statistics of the familiarizing of British little-ones with the schools in recent years speaks itself for itself: if into 1970 - 1971 only 20% of children of 3-4 - summer age they attended schools, then to 1999 - 2000 g. their number grew to 64 percent, ie, it increased more than three. The fundamental idea of the attraction of little-ones into the schools became concept about the fact that to begin "official" instruction five-year children must not from zero, but already having initial knowledge in the letter and the calculation. The following purposes were specifically designated: to ensure to all children of England and Wales, who reached age of four years, whose parents would want to return them to the preparatory departments schools to the complete or incomplete day, a similar possibility; to increase the percentage of the security of three year children with the free by places in the establishments of pre-school instru...
