%), and oat husk is added in brans. Mixture before autoclaving is moistened to 20-40% humidity and is acidified for the improvement of sterilization conditions.medium a sterile termolabile components, inoculum (0.02-0.1% from mass of medium) are added, quickly mix manually and lay out in trays with thickness 2-3 cm, which set in the impermeable aerated chambers, preliminary sterilized. Initial humidity of medium is 58-60%, temperature of cultiva tion 28 - 32 В°, duration of fermentation about 36-48 hours. [7]
Mycelium obduce and firmly bind solid particles of medium, therefore for a normal transport and oxidation of substances the medium must be loose enough and moist. The effective transport of oxygen from a gas phase and dissolution in a medium takes place on condition of good aeration of thin layer of solid loose medium. It results contribution large volumes of floorspaces. A surface method of fermentation is an extensive method with large volumes of manual work.fermentation with the use instead of trays of cuvettes is more perfect. A construction provides more effective aeration and allows partially mechanize a process. The column vehicles with volume aeration applied in industry yet more improve the process of solid state fermentation. Such apparatus is divided on a section by the perforated plates, fixed on turning axes. A medium during fermentation is loosened by means of the revolving agitating devices. It allows to increase the height of layer to 30 cm. Mode of overload of medium on plates is set automatically. The productivity of apparatus reaches at a 1 ton of culture per day.workshops on the production of surface culture in order to avoid an infection by extraneous microorganisms is maintained the special cleanness. The prepared culture always contains the small amount of spores because of the unsimultaneous maturation in separate areas, that s why workers, directly contiguous with it, must put on gauze bandages, and on hands - rubber gloves. Unloading of cuvettes and crushing of molds culture must be conducted in bottletight chambers, provided with aspiration devices.surface method of molds growth has a number of advantages. Because during the growth of molds bran are not mixed, extraneous microorganisms do not spread on all their mass and cause the only insignificant local infecting, which, as a rule, does not influence on activity of enzymes. It, however, does not eliminate the necessity of careful sterilization of medium and equipment. A culture on bran is dried out to content of moistures 10-11%. In such state it can be kept long time without a considerable loss of activity. [11]
It allows organize the centralized providing of biotechnological plants with the dry culture of molds that is one of advantages of surface method of fermentation. A disadvantage of surface method of cultivation is a necessity of setting of great number ...
