of cuvettes, work with which it is difficult to mechanize. The prime price of culture of mold-producer is high, thus mainly from the expense of plenty of hand labour. Mechanization of process of cultivation is possible by creation of continuous-action apparatus or cuvettes free vehicles with the vertical thick layer of nutrient medium and intensive blowing of air through this layer.submerged culture of microorganisms grow on a liquid nutrient medium at the vigorous aeration in bottletight apparatus and in sterile conditions. A process is fully mechanized. Sterility of submerged culture of microorganism-producer of enzymes positively affects results. The next methods of submerged cultivation are known: periodic, continuously-cyclic and continuously-flowing.periodic method is characterized by irremovability of nutrient medium in a fermenter, composition of which in the process of development changes gradually. At continuously-cyclic method microorganisms, located on immobile attachment in a fermenter, are washed by medium, flowing in the reserved contour, to the complete consumption by them nutritives. Enriched with nutritives medium during such cyclic fermentation is gradually exhausted; at times medium stays in the area of ​​reaction this process is more long, than periodic.continuously-flowing method of cultivation of microorganisms is more perfect. Essence of it consists in that microbial population develops in a flowing nutrient medium. A method has two varieties: homogeneously-continuous and gradient-continuous. In first case growth conduct in one fermenter; at careful interfusion and aeration of medium the identical state of culture is provided in all volume of liquid. In a fermenter continuously fresh medium is supplied and from it continuously flows out an excess of cultural liquid.continuous cultivation is carried out in the battery of fermenters, connected by downpipes. The inoculated medium with large content of carbohydrates and other components continuously flows from one fermenter in other and also continuously flows out as the finished culture.continuous cultivation in flowing mediums it is possible to grow microorganisms in conditions optimal for their stages of development. Thus such important factors, as concentration of nutritives, amount of products of exchange, рН, content of dissolved oxygen, sharply changing at a periodic method of cultivations, are maintained permanent on set level or change by worked out program. [12]
A nutrient medium for fermentation is prepared based on physiological necessities of the used microbial culture, and also from the type of aimed enzyme.synthesis of enzyme in a submerged culture flows during a 3-4 days at the continuous supply of sterile air, stabilizing of рН and temperatures of medium on strictly certain levels. The insignificant changes of values ​​of these parameters can cause the frequent decline of fermentation activity. After completio...
