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Реферат Basic directions of American institutionalism





e of large companies, the role of oligopolistic structures, "managed Price"), the domain of "industrial relations" (relations between labor and capital), labor market and social welfare economics, the theory economic cycle, inflation, etc.


.2 Assessment and the role of teaching Commons

expressed by J. Commons, should be studied not only functioning as the development and the transformation of capitalist society. They are critical of capitalism, for the expansion of social programs. The question of social guarantees of employment may become more important than the question of the level of wages. So the problem of unemployment is primarily a problem of structural imbalances.must abandon the analysis of economic relations from the perspective of the so-called "economic " person. Need not separate the actions of individual members of society, joint, coordinated action by organizations (trade unions, government agencies and others) against the dictates of entrepreneurs. br/>

.3 Assessment and the role of teaching Mitchell

the huge statistical data, the American economist Wesley Mitchell (1874-1948) came to the conclusion that we should not look for common causes of cyclical crises. Each crisis has its own specific reasons. Business cycles (crises - a component of them, one of the phases of the cycle) are deployed under the influence of many forces, under the influence of multiple factors, interwoven and generally reinforce each other. 'S conclusion: economic cycles are mnogofaktory process . Each one is unique and needs its own explanation. Decisive role in the formation of the cycle removes Mitchell prices, prices of securities, the processes in the sphere of circulation.of the monetary system, credit Mitchell paid special attention. He called the money engine of economic life, and believed that, along with the art of "making money" must learn the art of spending it (Mitchell, author of the treatise "The backwardness of the art waste money")., which sought to find Mitchell, was, first, to predict market conditions (for a quarter century, he played a key role in the National Bureau of Economic Research), and secondly, to identify tools that can reduce cyclical fluctuations .. Mitchell - author of the concept of "lead" and "lag". He did practical conclusions from the uneven dynamics of wholesale and retail prices, the movement of prices and wages. Economists criticized for underestimating the Mitchell theory, noted the high importance of his conclusions and the quantitative method.to Leontief, Mitchell, his students and the US are required to deploy large-scale narrative of economic statistics, without which it is not only a modern economic science, but many of the modern economic institutions could not seem to exist.to the calculation of the national product was rightly appreciated by experts who continued to work in thi...


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