MgSO4 .7H2O) concentration on the production of antibiotic by Streptomyces violatus.
. 2.4 Influence of trace elements results given in Table 4 showed that iron and manganese could play an important role in the promotion of antibiotic production, the highest dry weight (3.8 mg/ml) was also recorded for manganese. A slight increase in the antibiotic concentration was recorded for Cu, whereas Zn addition lowered the antibiotic concentration compared to the control. The highest antibiotic concentration was achieved in the presence of all elements in the culture medium, yielding a 2.1-fold increase compared to the control reported on the importance of ferrous ions for the growth and antibiotic production by Streptoverticillium rimofaciens. Mansour et al. [30] showed that manganese ions enhanced growth and granaticin production in S. violaceolatus.
Table 4 - The role of trace elements on the production of antibiotic by S. violatus.
3. Protection of workers and life safety
In modern conditions of development of production of a problem in the field of industrial and ecological safety tend to an aggravation. Relevance of a problem of safety of the person and environment is especially sharply shown directly at the enterprises when carrying out technological processes. On trebitel of medicines are interested in receiving qualitative and safe preparations. The workers who are carrying out technological process have to have optimum working conditions.
The main gas emissions in the atmosphere of the enterprises for production of antibiotics containing harmful substances include, except air emissions of all-exchange and local ventilation, technological air emissions at biosynthesis of antibiotics, emissions of boiler and some other auxiliary productions. Various ways of cleaning provide catching about 60% of the harmful substances departing from all sources of pollution.harmful substances consist generally of carbon monoxide (77,4%), sulphurous gas (15,2%) and nitrogen oxides (7,4% ) .of organic solvents making 24,3% of total amount of the thrown-out substances (tab. 3) belong to liquid and gaseous products, specific to production of antibiotics.Besides, at air emissions there is a number of impurity of vapors of various substances making 0,4% of total amount of the liquid and gaseous products released into the atmosphere. Among them chloride hydrogen, vapors of hydrochloric acid, formaldehyde and prevails.substances, nonspecific for production of antibiotics, in emissions are caught by gas-and-dust cleaning installations for 90%, gaseous emissions of boiler rooms dissipate by means of high pipes. Specific to production of antibiotics firm substances from air emissions for 92,5%, organic solvents - for 10%, 5,4% of the volume of air emissions at biosynthesis of antibiotics are neutralized.
In rooms of storage of finished goods, collecting condensate, preliminary processing of barrels, pump station of reverse water supply, the foreman, the supervising foreman the all-exchange supply and exhaust ventilation is provided. Supply of stitched air and removal of the exhaust is carried out from the top zone, for rooms of packaging of ointment - from the lower zone. In the stitched P - 1 installation external air is cleared of dust in the filter 3 classes, warmed up in the superficial heat exchanger and moistened during the cold period of year, during the warm period - is only cleared of dust.
Thus, this system of ventilation of air is effective since provides necessary parameters of air for technological process, favorable microclimatic conditions, deletes harmful substances from air of a working zone.
4. Ecological conservation
Ecological factors influencing the effects of antibiotic production were explored experimentally and theoretically. A spatially structured model was used to model the dynamics of antibiotic-producing and nonproducing bacteria in which growth of the nonproducers was reduced by neighbouring antibiotic producers. Various factors affecting spatial interactions between the bacteria were examined for their impact on antibiotic producers. Spatial clustering had a positive impact on the effect of antibiotic production, as measured by the decline in growth of the nonproducing strain, while increasing the initial density of the nonproducing strain had a negative impact. Experiments examined the growth of antibiotic-producing Streptomyces species and a nonproducing, antibiotic-sensitive strain of Bacillus subtilis that were coinoculated on surface media. There was an effect of the Streptomyces on Bacillus growth in some experiments but not in others. In light of the predictions from the model, unintentional clusteri...
