lign = "justify "> Of Grammatology (1967) Jacques Derrida introduced the term deconstruction , when discussing the implications of understanding language as writing rather than speech. In describing deconstruction, Derrida observed that there is nothing outside the text . That is to say, all of the references used to interpret a text are themselves texts, even the text of reality as a reader knows it. There is no truly objective, non-textual reference from which interpretation can begin. Deconstruction, then, can be described as an effort to understand a text through its relationships to various contexts.
Derrida's method consisted in demonstrating all the forms and varieties of this originary complexity, and their multiple consequences in many fields. His way of achieving this was by conducting thorough, careful, sensitive, and yet transformational readings of philosophical and literary texts, with an ear to what in those texts runs counter to their apparent systematicity (structural unity) or intended sense (authorial genesis). By demonstrating the aporias and ellipses of thought, Derrida hoped to show the infinitely subtle ways that this originary complexity, which by definition cannot ever be completely known, works its structuring and destructuring effects [4]. Denotes the pursuing the meaning of a text to the point of exposing the supposed contradictions and internal oppositions upon which it is founded. It is an approach that may be deployed in philosophy, literary analysis, or other fields. Deconstruction generally tries to demonstrate that any text is not a discrete whole but contains several contradictory meanings; that any text therefore has more than one interpretation; that the text itself links these interpretations inextricably; that the incompatibility of these interpretations is irreducible; and thus that an interpretative reading cannot go beyond a certain point.initially resisted granting to his approach the overarching name deconstruction , on the grounds that it was an exact technical term that could not be used to characterize his work generally. Nevertheless, he eventually accepted that the term had come into common use to refer to his textual approach, and Derrida himself increasingly began to use the term in this more general way., The main propositions of Derrida s Deconstruction are [12]:
1. A text can be read as something quite different from what it appears to be saying. In short a text may possess so many different meanings that it cannot have a meaning (ie there is no guaranteed essential meaning to a text).
2. The priority since the time of Plato was given to speech over writing, as it was believed that there is a gap in writing, which speech does not possess. But Derrida s theory argued that both speech and writing are lacking in presence . In short previously the meaning conveyed by (or signified by) speech was considered as instable and writing was considered to have a fix stable meaning. But Derrida s theory that a text can t have a meaning, stressed that writing is equally unstable.
. Derrida s theory suggested that there can t be binary opposition in a language system or any code. As Derrida believed that a text does not have a single meaning of any kind and as there is only the text and no meaning, then it cannot have a centre, to which there can exist a binary opposition. Hence, he discarded presence of any binary opposition in a text. Moreover, he has mentioned that in the place of binary opposition there exist disseminations , the various meanings spread over one another and hence betray any center.
. Derrida proposed the concept of diffГ©rance , which he used to oppose logocentrism . In French language differer means to postpone, to delay and also it means to differ or be different...
