THE MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
THE UZBEK STATE WORLD LANGUAGES UNIVERSITY
II ENGLISH PHILOLOGY FACULTY
ENGLISH STYLISTICS DEPARTMENT
COURSE PAPER
on
PECULIARITIES OF PROSE STYLE
Written by the student of
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SCIENTIFIC ADVISER
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TASHKENT 2011
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PLAN
INTRODUCTION
STYLISTICS AS A SCIENCE
BASIC PROSE STYLE
1. Write in the Active Voice
2. Avoid Nominalizations
3. Express Parallel Ideas in Parallel Grammatical Form
4. Place the Emphatic Words at the End of the Sentence
5. Express Statements in Positive Form
6. Vary Sentence Patterns
7. Choose Your Words Carefully
8. Avoid Overusing Word Modifiers
9. Clarify the Logical Relationships between Your Ideas
10. Prune Deadwood
11. Avoid Redundancy
12. Use Metaphor to Illustrate
BASIC PUNCTUATION AND MECHANICS
1. Commas
2. Semicolons
3. Colons
4. Dashes
5. Parentheses
6. Ellipsis Dots
7. Hyphens
8. Apostrophes
9. Italics
10. Titles
11. Numbers
12. Quotation Marks
13. Punctuating Quotations
14. Introducing Indented Quotations, Vertical Lists, and Formulas
15. Punctuating Vertical Lists
16. Question Marks
17. Exclamation Points
18. Multiple Punctuation
CONCLUSION
THE LIST OF THE USED LITERATURE
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INTRODUCTION
This pamphlet is designed to introduce you to, or remind you of, the basic principles of prose style and mechanics. The Prose Style Section describes twelve basic principles of good prose style and illustrates most of these principles with examples. Since most writers and editors agree about the importance of these twelve basic principles, I have drawn from a wide variety of sources. However, I would especially recommend two texts: The Elements of Style by William Strunk and E.B. White and Style: Ten Lessons in Clarity & Grace by Joseph Williams. p> All twelve principles described in the style section above are based on one overriding principle-that the essence of good writing is rewriting. You may attend to some of these principles spontaneously when you compose your first draft, but stylistic considerations become more deliberate concerns when you work on second, third, and fourth drafts. Remember that good writing is hard work, and as Samuel Johnson said, "What is written without effort is in general read without pleasure. "
The Basic Punctuation and Mechanics Section of the pamphlet presents rules that govern the approximately fifty most common problems with punctuation and mechanics. Most of these rules are illustrated with examples, and many are cross-referenced with other rules with which they are frequently confused. This section is based primarily on The Associated Press Stylebook and The Chicago Manual of Style , 14 th edition, generally considered the definitive reference on questions of punctuation and mechanics.
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STYLISTICS AS A SCIENCE
Treatises devoted to the study of style can be found as early as Demetrius's On Style. But most pre-twentieth-century discussions appear as secondary components of rhetorical and grammatical analyses or in general studies of literature and literary language. The appearance of stylistics as a semiautonomous discipline is a modern phenomenon, an ongoing development in linguistic description that is closely tied to the similar rise of literary criticism and linguistics as academic subjects and departments. Modern stylistics, in general, draws much of its analytical power from the analytical methods and descriptive intentions of linguistics, while modern literary stylistics, in particular, draws upon that area and adds to it the interpretive goals of modern literary criticism. In both cases, the use of linguistic methodology has allowed stylistics to move beyond earlier normative and prescriptive descriptions of "correct" styles to a fuller analysis of language itself and the purposes to which language regularly is put [1].
Whatever the limits of previous approaches to style, or the difficulties that have arisen from the practical application of linguistic methods to stylistic analysis, the desire to begin with a set of well-defined terms and procedures lies at the core of the initial formation of stylistics as a discipline. While all versions of literary stylistics have dedicated themsel...
