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Реферат Criticism of Vladimir Propp's Theory on Genesis of Magic Fairy Tales 'Structure





logical symbols and figures has shown, that in astral, solar and lunar myths there is precisely presented a genitive universalia, connected, in particular, with the description of occurrence of the Sun and others celestial bodies. p> Rather a widespread motive within the limits of erotically coded genitive in the given type of myths was the motive of a heavenly marriage of the Sun and the Moon and generation of children-stars from this pair. But here we also see aggressively-mortal motives shown in constant struggle between spouses. p> The basic world outlook formula " life - death - immortality " was realized in the given myths in stories about lunar phase cycles as its birth, dying and revival. Alimentary coding of the formula is visible in fairy tales about the diminution of the Moon as a result of its eating up by a witch or a dog.

Studying of concrete national mythological systems, in particular, Ukrainian one, has shown, that all CUB and codes were present in it. In the "Lowest" mythology the Mermaids (drowned women) are young, beautiful girls who attract young men, and then lead them up to death by means of a wearisome sexual act though sometimes marry them and even have children from them. p> In a pantheon of "high" mythology gods, for example, Svarog, personified the current of time and its triadic structuredness that was embodied in the motive of a star which lives, dies and revives (movement of the Sun). p> Consideration of the epic writings ( Hillyads, Odysseys and Тhe Story about Igor's Regiment ) has shown also their monosemantic CUB-structure with that only difference when the basic universal formula " life - Death - immortality "in myths of an agrarian cycle was represented in a narration about a deity which dies and revives, and in myths of adventurous type - in a story about never-ending dangerous trials of the main character with his indispensable rescue from death.

In religious consciousness, in particular, Christianity, the display of CUB and codes was showed in a wide set of concepts, in the basis of which there is the same world outlook base. These codes are most essentially represented in laconic Christian definitions of God, such, as "I am bread" ( an alimentary code), "I am love" ( an erotic code), "I am word" ( an informative code). An aggressive code in the concentrated form is represented in understanding of God as the victorious Force that is not dependent on the death, though usual concepts also have here the most universal-world outlook significance (Wine, pupils, vine, fornication, virginity, etc.). p> In the architectonics of the Bible the universal basic formula is displayed at least three times:

A. 1) Birth (creation of the world and people), 2) life of people in Paradise, 3) the Fall, exile from Paradise and transformation of people into mortal beings; 4) sinful life of people; 5) punishment by flood; 4) rescue (survival) of a part of mankind. p> B. 1) Birth (Christmas) of Jesus Christ, 2) Jesus Christ's terrestrial life; 3) the death of the Saviour on the Cross; 4) Jesus Christ's Resurrection as the victory over forces of death. p> C. 1) Sinful life of people, 2) threat of eternal death to sinful mankind; 3) rescue of people in the Christ, revival in the Holy Spirit and getting of a prospect of an eternal life and a victory over the enemy - death. p> Even in this extremely simplified scheme we can fix the main motive of development of the big drama of eternal struggle of Life with Death as it has been presented in one of the forms of practically-religious ideology. Besides, the basic formula is represented in separate episodes of the Book (revival of Lazarus, revival of the daughter of a synagogue servant). p> Revealing of a universal-cultural basis in literary consciousness and entertainment art was realized in this work through the CUB-analysis of such writings, as Ivan Bunin's story A Light Breath , short stories of Marguerite de Navarre from the collection of stories The Heptameron , Anna Ahmatova's poems. p> I have also analyzed short stories which Michael Bakhtin and Olga Frejdenberg used as examples. Besides at a level of "concepts" the given type of a discourse was examined by us on the material of a methodological reflection on the structure of works of art by Michael Bakhtin, Lеv Vуgotsky, Yuri Lotman and other researchers. p> In the first named piece of literature the formula "life - death - immortality " was reconstructed by Me at a level of a disposition, the key moments of that are oppositional pairs "childhood - a tomb" , "sex with Malyutin - murder "," conversation on a light breath - funeral ". p> In wide meaning these pairs express a global opposition of life and death. A Light Breath - it is a figurativel...


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