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Реферат The American family: Past and Present





ional support.is important for Americans when bringing up a child. Through discipline a child learns that some kinds of behaviour are acceptable and others are not.parents in the USA think it is good for children to be allowed to run wild without control or supervision. They say that this enables children »s personalities to develop naturally and that they will learn to be responsible by the mistakes they make. However, this might lead to juvenile delinquency, with the children ending up in the courts, or it might simply make children self-centered, without any consideration for others.parents believe in being strict, but taken to extremes this can produce a too authoritarian atmosphere in the home, with the children being dominated and ruled by their parents. Parents can also be very possessive and try to keep their children dependent on them. These last two attitudes can encourage rebelliousness against parents, school, or, conversely, suppress a child «s natural sense of adventure and curiosity. But no matter how American parents treat their children, they always love them and wish only good. For example the average family spends about 8 thousand dollars a year for their teenage child. Children are free to visit different places and organizations, they enjoy traveling and doing sports with their parents. And of course they receive moral and financial aid even if they leave their homes [24, p. 149]. Most painful part of childhood is adolescence. There is a complete lack of self-confidence during this time. Adolescents are over conscious of their appearance and the impression they make on others. They feel shy and awkward. Feelings are intense, easily from tremendous rapture to black despair. And besides friends are becoming more and more important these yeas. At American schools there are cliques who decide what is «cool». Say that the rush to grow up is due to the mass media. Children desire to be independent and it creates behavior problems. Adolescents may rebel violently against parental authority. But even teenagers with supportive parents can fall in with bad company. Among American adolescents various subcultures such as punks, goths or emo are widespread. Many American children become addicted to drugs and alcohol because their life is hollow and they don »t think of life-long goals. More than one-quarter (27.6 percent) of American youth aged 12 to 20 said that they drank alcohol in the past month, according to a study released in 2008 by the federal government [12, pp. 51-52]. Spend with the children all their childhood and adolescence. Then children begin to build their careers and family, become a parent. This time is quite hard for parents who feel very lonely without their children. The average age of children leaving their family is 19 years. This is the time when they have to shift from using parental authority with their kids to being friends of these new adults. Even adult children need love and guidance from their parents from time to time. As children pass into adulthood, the time for independence for both parents and children is very important for a healthy parent-child relationship. The majority of parents and adult children experience some tension and aggravation with one another. But parents generally are more bothered by the tensions - and the older the child, the greater the bother.


.1 Relations between American parents and their children


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