y seventies scientists of the Moscow state university of MVLomonosov under the direction of AIAntonov have started development of methods of definition of a parity of orientations to a family and extra family activity in selective field sociological interrogations.
And children in a context of the concept of crisis of birth rate, a family and family values the first works AIAntonov and VABorisov 'are devoted a problem of social measurement of values ​​of a family, 25-year-old experience of such researches has been generalised in work "family Microsociology (methodology of research of structures and processes) "where features of application of methods of interrogation, supervision and the konteit-analysis to family studying, various methods of research of life cycle of a family, methods of sociological research of family behaviour have been in detail considered. The analysis of merits and demerits of the sociological methods used in sociology of a family presented by the author, allows to define among them those which application for the purpose of revealing of degree of prevalence of family and extra family valuable orientations raises probability of finding-out of true valuable preferences of respondents.
According to L. У and MLGoffman, use of those sociological methods which mean application of verbal ways of revealing of valuable orientations, promote reception of stereotypic answers that leads to decrease in reliability of the necessary information. In this connection the given scientists suggest to use more actively nonverbal methods (for example, drawings and photos), and also to develop special tests on revealing of family and extra family valuable orientations.
Special attempt of the deep scientific analysis of a problem of a parity of two types of valuable orientations (family and extra family), detection of the reasons of domination in system of valuable orientations of the modern person of orientations to self-realisation in professional sphere, on achievement of the high social status has undertaken Н. G.Markovskaja - the representative of a school of thought of crisis of values ​​of a life ".
Techniques of allocation of groups of the respondents who focused and have been not focused on a family, and also the factors influencing formation of family and extrafamily valuable orientations, have been considered in works VNArhangelsky, VBOlshansky, Ю. P.Siks, etc. p> Among works of the American scientists it is necessary to note researches of 1990th A. R.Hohshild revealing of the reasons of prevalence of extra family valuable orientations in structure of the person of Americans was which purpose. Thus the author actively used methods of the simple and included supervision, the analysis of documents and the deep interview which combination has allowed to raise reliability of the received results.
Decrease in value of family results in more and more wide circulation among the population of extra family valuable orientations, ways of self-realisation in all spheres of ability to live, excepting the family. It is expressed also that now the growing number of people feels requirement for values ​​replacing family value and objects. The reasons of occurrence of the given requirement and ways of its satisfaction were considered in the works by AAPopov, VIMaksimenkov, L.Hozjainova, and also E.Bek, M.Bouen 's foreign researchers, X. Бріджер., E.Kejn, E.Ketcher, L.Okonevski, L.Sajmon, spouses Salmon, S.Smith, B.Fogl and others.
Thus, works of many scientists are devoted the analysis of family and extra family valuable orientations. Nevertheless, the methodology of research of a parity of family and extra family valuable orientations, in our opinion, has not received sufficient illumination neither in domestic, nor in the foreign sociological literature. Works in which attempt of studying of a parity of family and extra family valuable orientations in structure of the person of individuals becomes, and also the all-round analysis of the sociological methods which application should ensure a solid data is carried out, are still enough rare.
Methods of measurement of family and extra family valuable orientations
Use of a method of the analysis of documents at studying of family and extra family valuable orientations allows to avoid almost completely negative influence of protective motives on interpretation of the received data. Applying a konteet-analysis method, the sociologist works with already "ready" documents (photos, pictures, letters, autobiographies) which have been created without participation of the scientist. Influence of the researcher using a method of the content-analysis, on character of the received information is shown only at a choice of this or that way of selection of documents and interpretation of the data.
The supervision method also opens the big possibilities f...
