Mexico); Latin European cluster (eg, France, Italy, Spain); Nordic cluster (e.g., Denmark, Norway, Sweden); and Sub-Saharan African cluster (eg, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria). Culture ratings for regions were then estimated. results are shown in Exhibit 3.6. Note that these are only rough estimates based on available research. Moreover, in making use of the information presented here, it is important to recognize that no point on any assessment scale is preferred over any other; they are simply different, and that significant within-cluster variance can often be found.it is sometimes necessary to focus on central tendencies between cultures for purposes of general comparisons, the role of individual and regional differences
Exhibit 3.6 Central tendencies of core cultural dimensions across regions
Country cluster Power distributionSocial relationshipsEnvironmental relationshipsTime / work patternsUncertainties and social controlAnglo Moderately egalitarianStrongly individualisticStrongly mastery-orientedStrongly monochronicModerately rule-basedArab Strongly hierarchicalStrongly collectivisticModerately harmony-orientedStrongly polychronicStrongly relationship-basedEast EuropeanModerately hierarchicalModerately collectivisticModerately mastery-orientedModerately monochronicModerately relationship-basedEast/Southeast AsianStrongly hierarchicalStrongly collectivisticStrongly harmony-orientedModerately monochronicStrongly relationship-basedGermanicModerately egalitarianModerately individualisticModerately mastery-orientedModerately monochronicStrongly rule-basedLatin AmericanModerately hierarchicalModerately collectivisticModerately harmony-orientedStrongly polychronicStrongly relationship-basedLatin EuropeanModerately hierarchicalModerately collectivisticModerately harmony-orientedModerately polychronicModerately relationship-basedNordicStrongly egalitarianModerately individualisticModerately harmony-orientedModerately monochronicStrongly rule-basedSub-Sahara AfricanModerately hierarchicalStrongly collectivisticStrongly harmony-orientedModerately polychronicStrongly relationship-basedNote: The country cluster categories used here are adapted from Ronan and Shenkar, Clustering cultures or attitudinal dimensions and House et al., Culture, Leadership, and Organizations. The core cultural dimension (CCD) ratings represent central tendencies for selected country clusters (see text for details). Variations, sometimes substantial, around these central tendencies can be found in all clusters and countries. Also note that some regions of the globe (eg, Central Asia) are not included here due to an absence of substantive data, while others (eg, Europe) are represented in some detail due to the availability of sufficient data.
in determining attitudes and behaviors should not be overlooked. Still, it should not be surprising that cultural ratings for countries in the same cluster of the world (eg, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) tend to be closer than ratings for countries located in a different cluster of the world (eg, Italy, Spain, France). This is a natural consequence of contiguous countries in various regions living side-by-side with their neighbors over centuries and sometimes millennia. Still, important cultural differences can be found across peoples inhabiting a particular region. Finally, it is important to remember that, while these cultural dimens...
