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Реферат Basic directions of American institutionalism





ocratic" (later the gamma value of the word "technocracy" significantly expanded) , thanks to her Veblen assumed a prominent place in the history of sociology, but the engineers and economists have found it absurd.his latest book, "Absenteistskaya property" (1923), Veblen emphasized the expansion of ownership of the intangible wealth of financial titles, separated from meaningful participation in the production of material goods. Veblen's criticism on the "business world" put in the analysis В«absentee ownershipВ» in the most bilious outpourings. But the transformation of the economic system of society in a more streamlined look Veblen not optimistic, noting that the American "middle class" tends to imitate life style "leisure class." p align="justify"> "Persona non grata" among theorists, economists, Veblen bequeathed institutionalists "spirit of dissent." His ideas are still attractive for supporters of innovative approaches to economic theory (8).


.2 Socio-Legal Direction

. Commons (1862-1945). He graduated from the University of Baltimore. For a time the Commons was a teacher, then practitioners in the trade unions, in various government organizations and commissions. Proceedings of the "Legal grounds of capitalism" (1924), "Institutional Economics" (1934), "Economics of collective action." Economic development of the society he considers legal relations, law, and economic institutions - the categories of legal order. He was one of the theorists of the trade union movement in the United States defends the thesis of the primacy of law over the economy.in his first book, "The distribution of wealth" (1893) Commons disagreed with marginalist individualistic interpretation of the distribution of social income and ignoring the historical volatility of property relations and human rights, including the right to the highest possible share of the national product. Commons registered growth of monopolistic elements in the market economy and to justify the existence of trade unions seeking wage increases above a certain minimum, and are necessary to protect workers from the pressures of big business. But at the same time, the Commons believed that the influence of large corporations can be beneficial to the extent that they are able to mitigate the severity of depression and increase the scale of production. Therefore, at first, he put forward a plan search tools compromise between organized labor and big business, the economic contradictions of reconciliation through collective action by defining a result institutional economics as the "economy of collective action" (the name of the last of the Commons, published posthumously in 1951). is the estimated future earnings, given in the present. The value of the cost redividing legal procedures concerning labor deal. An important part of the theory belongs to the Commons category "bargain" and "collective action." According to him...


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