voir settling resulting in cracks in a reservoir body.pressure of full reservoir on the ground:
(kg/m 2);
P - pressure on the ground, kg/m 2;
G - reservoir mass, kg;
S - reservoir bottom area, m 2;
p - fuel density, kg/m 3;
H - height of reservoir filling, m., foundations are constructed of coarse-grained materials (sand, shingly, crushed stone and others), which transfer pressure to a larger area and give a slight uniform settlement.
Such foundations are irreplaceable when the tank farm is located on filled-up ground, saturated with water (as near river). In this case the pressure is fully transferred first to the ground water. The water force increases and its filtration from under the reservoir bottom starts towards free ground surface. Thus, under the reservoir appears hydrodynamic pressure on the soil skeleton, tending to press the soil up. Since the ground has low resistance to shear, at large stresses the destruction of foundation can happen due to soil man-induced.such cases the coarse grained material cushion presence under the reservoir changer the direction of filtration flows and prevents progradation.
The foundation produces following functions:
- distributes the pressure from the tank to the base metal;
carries out drainage bottoms;
provides corrosion protection of the bottom.
For foundation we use the following materials:
· compacted coarse sand;
· crushed stone;
· gravel;
· gravel-sand mixture.provide corrosion protection for the bottom of the top embankment hydrophobic layer is laid with the addition of petroleum-based binders.used mound height of 0.2 - 2.5 m. This value depends on the results of engineering-geological survey of the construction site.surface of the mound usually has the slope from the center to the periphery. This compensates for non-uniform sediment tank, and facilitates the flow of the stored product to the recovery unit. In practice, the tank bottom sludge can reach up to 2 m, that is why the rise of the central part of the bottom may be the key to long-term performance design., At the construction site at a shallow depth (up to 3 m) lie low or heaving soils (in areas with deep seasonal freezing of soils), practiced their replacement with local seal sandy or clay soil, often imported. A more extensive layer of bedding soft ground, this method is often economically inefficient due to high operating costs for leveling tanks installed in such a way.width of the horizontal surface of the pad beyond the selvages must be:
· 0.7 m - for tanks with a capacity of 1000 m3;
· 1.0 m - for tanks with a capacity of more than 1 000 m3;
· 1.0 m - regardless of the amount, for construction sites with an estimated seismic 7 points or more., parameters of foundation for considered tank farm: height of earth addition - 1m, height of foundation - 2 m (with preliminary local soil compaction), width and length - 19,7 m.
5. Pumps selection for fuel pumping in the reservoirs and for delivery to consumer
fuel receiving from takers for the considered tank farm are needed simple and reliable pumps, which can be easily demounted for long non-navigation period. As fuel is delivered by water, the risk to contaminate it with mechanical particles is minimal, so I can use ЦСП - 57 - self-priming centrifugal pump (it can t endure any dirt as it clogs the hydraulic part). It s efficient, durable and cheap.
ЦСП - 57 pump unit is intended for pumping gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, water at temperatures from - 40 to +50 o C.centrifugal pump ЦСП - 57 is designed to supply light products, not contaminated by foreign impurities. Pump ЦСП - 57 is a horizontal centrifugal pump with two impellers which provides two modes of operation: parallel and serial.of operating modes is manual by turning the valve. When the valve is located in the socket housing of the spool, rotating the lever opens or closes the respective passages in the pressure and suction channels of the spool housing. The twist handle is fixed in a parallel pump operation mode.operation start the pump body and the suction line have to be filled by pumping liquid.principle of operation is the following: the impeller sends fuel into rotary motion, whereby the fuel is ejected in a spiral channel around the impeller from whence it is directed to the discharge conduit. The greater the...
