k, because otherwise John would have shown up for work. In contrast, in (2), 'must' is interpreted as a statement of how something ought to be: the speaker is saying that, because John didn't show up for work, John ought to be fired.use of a modal, particularly not in cases like example (3) below, contrasts subtly with using a modal, as illustrated below: 3: John must not be sick. 3: Джон повинно бути не хворий. p align="justify"> Example 4: John is not sick.4: Джон не болен.use of the modal in (3) is interpreted as indicating that some process of reasoning was used to arrive at the conclusion that John is sick . The lack of the modal in (4) tends to preclude such an interpretation, and is generally considered to be a statement of fact (ie, the speaker knows that John is sick). In other words, a speaker would typically not say (3) if the speaker knows that (4) is true.is expressed in different ways by different languages. Modality can be expressed via grammaticized elements such as auxiliary verbs or verb endings, via indirect means such as a prepositional phrase or a clause, or in other ways, such as via adverbs. For example, in English, the two sentences below have roughly the same meaning, but express the meaning in two different forms: 5: It is possible that the Moon is made of cheese. 5: Можливо, що Місяць зроблений з сиру. p align="justify"> Example 6: The Moon might be made of cheese. 6: Місяць могла б бути зроблена з сиру. p align="justify"> Subtle, and sometimes not-so-subtle, differences in interpretation occur depending on the way modality is expressed. Certain forms of expression may highlight certain aspects of modal meaning. Many languages ​​will mark some modalities with particular word endings, etc., But will leave other means for marking other modalities (eg phrases)., Studies of modality distinguish between:
(a) sentence modality, which deals with sentence types, such as declarative (a statement), imperative (a command), interrogative (a question), optative (a wish), exclamatory (an exclamation ), etc., and
(b) verbal modality, which deals with the modal verbs and the mood of verbs.the English language, a modal verb is an auxiliary verb that can be used to change the grammatical mood of a sentence. The key way to identify a modal verb is by its defectiveness (they have neither participles nor infinitives). Modal verbs in English are as follows, paired as present and preterite forms: and shouldand wouldand mightand could (Archaic) and mustfollowing are not modal verbs but may be used for a similar purpose: to and had bettertoand needtotohistorically referring to past time, the preferit forms have come to be used in many cases with no such meaning.a verb is preceded by multiple auxiliary verbs including a modal, as in " ; it could have been eaten, "the modal will always appear before the other auxiliary verbs. A verb or auxiliary verb following a mo...
