or quality and ready to co-operate with a producer in his increase.
In spite of all attractiveness of conception of "society of consumption ", to the 90-th it became clear to the years, that out-of-control growth of necessities can lead, at least, to serious violations of properties of environment, and even to cause ecological catastrophe. The resources of Earth are not counted on that greater part of population of planet entered in "society of consumption". At the same time conception of development of most states is directed exactly on included in "society of consumption "(Russia is a not exception). Therefore some new philosophy of enterprise and, accordingly, new philosophy of quality will develop in the near time. The separate lines of new philosophy of quality show up already now, for example, in conception of ecological management and in conception of the production system of "Toyota".
Thus, in accordance with existent philosophy of enterprise, all plenitude of responsibility for quality of wares and services lies on a producer. A producer in different historical intervals variously reacted on this responsibility, incarnating different philosophy of providing of quality.
Stages of development of philosophy of quality "Commodities return, buyers - it is notВ» Robert At. Pich. p> In history of philosophy of quality exist 4 recovered and proceedings phases which, in complete accordance with the laws of dialectics, contradictions developed under constraint between the internal and external aims of producer - providing of quality of the produced products and accordingly strengthening of position of producer at the market (external purpose) and increase of efficiency of production, that by the increase of income of company (internal purpose). It is contradiction on every stage of development of production, market and society had the specific and settled variously. The evolution of methods of providing of quality is resulted on Picture 4.
It began together with a handicraft and entered in practice of separate masters, which checked up the own work, masters which looked after work of apprentices, buyers which sorted out wares carefully, to do shop. It is not necessary to forget workshop organizations of medieval cities, which, if to be expressed a modern language, certified masters, - awarded the rank of master after the serious tests of quality of good. Each the wares was individual. p> In 70th XIX age the idea of ​​standard quality gave birth in a gun production (Factories of Samuel Kol'ta) - wares going not from the details driven in to each other, but from by chance chosen from party, that rotabless. Before assembling these details were checked up by calibers, and the worthless. Control and was carried out by the specially trained inspectors. p> A prominent contribution to development of this phase was brought in by the American automakers - Henry Martin Leland (founder of firm "Kadillak") and Henry Ford. Leland first applied in a motor-car production work on calibers and a "communicating" and "uncommunicating" caliber thought of a pair. In March, 1908 the experts of Britannic took away casual appearance 3 copies from export party of cars "Kadillak", arriving to England, and took apart them to the last screw. All details were brought down in a heap, and then - what details from this heap withdrew and replaced repair parts, adopted again at random in local on a sale and maintenance of cars "Kadillak". Then the group of mechanics, armed only screwdrivers and wrenches, collected machines anew and started up engines. Two machines were led from a maiden attempt, and one - with the second, and all of them left on the protracted rolling on the vehicle testing point of Bruklends just handed over in exploitation. And when the again collected machines confirmed the complete identity of the workings descriptions the parameters of cars of shop-assembled, Britannic diplomaed a firm "Kadillak" and silver cup with inscription "For standardization". After it on a tablet with the coat of arms of firm on cars "Kadillak" inscription of "Standart of the world "appeared is an ensample for the whole world.
Ford was applied by an assembly line and entered in place of entrance control of assembling output control on those productions, where these was made, that on assembling began to act only suitable, high-quality wares. He created separate service of technical control, independent of production also.
By scientific generalization and ground of experience, accumulated on this stage, to steel of work of the American scientist, engineer and manager Frederic At. Teylora, comrade-in-arms Ford. Conception of scientific management, including approach of the systems, skilled management, is exactly offered to them, idea of division between workers and providing of high-quality and effective work of organization, idea of ​​the scientific setting of nor...
