the Cardinal buoyage system. Buoys in the Lateral system are used to indicate the port and starboard sides of the fairways.Lateral system is subdivided into two separate systems: the IALA-A system and IALA-B system (IALA stands for International Association of Aids to Lighthouse Authorities). countries in the world employ the A-system; the starboard side of the fairway is indicated by the green-coloured conical shape, and the port side is indicated by the red-coloured can-shape.and some oriental countries employ the B-system : starboard is indicated by a red-coloured cone, and the port is indicated by a green-coloured can.in the Cardinal system are used to indicate how to pass a danger (eg a wreck) in a certain quadrant or area.position of the danger is indicated by North-, South-, East-, and West-Cardinal buoys. They will give the navigator information regarding the vessel's position in reference to the position of the danger. Cardinal buoys are pillar-or spar-shaped.buoys indicate special features in the fairway that can be looked up in the Pilot book. They may have any shape and are fitted with a yellow lightmarks mark safe water of sufficient depth and indicate that one approaches the coast. They are pillar-, spar-, or spherical-shaped and are fitted with a white light.danger marks are pillar-or spar-shaped and are fitted with a white light.of buoys
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buoy conical buoy pillar buoy spar buoy spherical buoy (cone) (sphere)
Exercise 5. Answer the questions
What buoyage systems are employed worldwide?
What are buoys in the Lateral system used to indicate?
What subsystems is the Lateral system subdivided into?
How is the starboard side of the fairway indicated in the A-system?
How is the port side of the fairway indicated in the A-system?
What subsystem is employed in America and some oriental countries?
What are buoys in the Cardinal system used to indicate?
How is the position of the danger indicated?
What will give the navigator information regarding the vessel's position in reference to the position of the danger?
What colour light are special buoys fitted with?
What do landfall marks mark?
What colour light are isolated danger marks fitted with?
Where can you read about buoys and beacons?
Exercise 6. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following words and expressions
основні системи огорожі буями
латеральна система огорож
кардинальна система огорож
конус червоного кольору
циліндр зеленого кольору
лоція
достатня глибина
підходи до узбережжя
права сторона фарватеру
інформація щодо місця розташування судна
місцезнаходження небезпеки
східні країни
вказувати
Exercise 7. Watch the International Maritime English Programme (Lectures. Buoyage) and get acquainted with the Lateral and Cardinal Buoyage System) Listen, take notes, and draw in colour Cardinal Buoys and Cardinal Buoyage around a wreck8. Outline their main characteristics
PART3
9. Scan the text (Daymarks) are not only distinguished by their shapes and colours, but also by their topmarks (daymarks). The shapes of these topmarks may be a can, a cone, a sphere or a cross.pillar-or spar-buoys are fitted with red or green can-shaped or conical topmarks. When the buoys are can-or conical-shaped themselves they are not fitted with any topmarks.buoys are fitted with two black cones.is indicated by two cones points up; is indicated by two cones points down; is indicated by two cones point to point; is indicated by two cones base to base.special buoy, whose meaning is indicated in the pilot book, carries a yellow cross.safe water buoy (landfall buoy) is fitted with a single red sphere.isolated danger buoy carries two black spheres .10. Watch the International Maritime Eng...
