mous Because of this the choice of the contextually equivalent substitutes depends much on the translator who, when selecting a fitting lexical equivalent for the article, has to take some factors into consideration These include first of all the semantic factor playing a predominant role, and the stylistic factor eliminating an unnecessary repetition of the same equivalent substitute in sentences close by. In other words, the co-occurrence of the same synonymous substitutes must bе strictly regulated. Besides, the translator has to keep it in mind, that some contextual meanings of the definite article may seem similar 1.1 those of the indefinite article and vice versa. Hence, the translator should be no less attentive to the style of his target language pas sage which in its turn will help him achieve a faithful translation of sentences or the passage as a whole, where both the defining and the nominalizing lexically charged articles are used . conveying the lexical meanings of the definite and indefinite articles into Russian, attention should be paid to their functional meanings in the sentence / word-combinations. Thus, the meanings of the definite article are usually expressed through different Russian attributive pronouns, adjectives, participles, adverbs or cardinal / ordinal numerals. The meaning of the numeral one, on the other hand, is always expressed only through the indefinite article, which is historically derived from this part of speech. Cf.: Most of felllows in the Quarters share a studio. (Maugham). Nominalizing articles are mostly rendered through the parts of speech having the functions of attributes to the noun: «... I believe that a young person in a city tea-shop has left her situation. (Maugham). Emphatically used articles, on the other hand, have usually particles for their contextual equivalents in Russian: But I must content myself with a few paragraphs. (Maugham). Rhematic use of the articles introducing the new information, a new core of an utterance, and its thematic use repeating the already known information about an object or event is often disclosed in Russian sentences by other than lexical means, as will be shown further. Still, the bulk of meanings which the lexically charged articles can acquire due to their syntagmatic environment in speech are those of pronouns. This can also be seen from the citied illustrations on the forthcoming pages.
Realization of the contextual meanings of the definite article
The definite article when endowed with the lexical meaning in a sentence or passage can have various realizations in Russian. It is expedient to begin with the most common of them which may refer not only to nouns but to other parts of speech as well, as for example:
) as the demonstrative pronoun:
What his sister has seen in the man was beyond him. (J.London) Що його сестра знайшла в цій людині позаду неї.
All cited instances in illustration of the lexical meaning of articles, unless indicated otherwise, have been picked up from J.London 's works and their translations in Russian
The argument is unconvincing.Аргумент не переконливий. 3) as the possessive pronoun:
The room was situated over the. laundryКомната перебувала над пральні. Его кімната булу / знаходится над прально ...
