rganisms as a source material for enzyme production has developed because of different reasons such as there is normally a high specific activity per unit dry weight of product, seasonal fluctuations of raw materials and possible shortages due to climatic change or political upheavals do not occur, in microbes, a wide spectrum of enzyme characteristics, such as pH range and high temperature resistance, is available for selection, industrial genetics has greatly increased the possibilities for optimizing enzyme yield and type through strain selection, mutation, induction and selection of growth conditions and, more recently, by using the innovative powers of gene transfer technology and protein engineering.task is to make the best choice of microorganism for production of certain enzyme that gives the highest yield and requires the cheapest raw materials.producers of amylolytic enzymes most often use the molds of genera Aspergillus. Presently at the industrial receipt of foods of hydrolysis of starch - decstrose, glucose and fructose syrups, on the stage of saccharification mainly use glucoamylases of producers, related to the species Asp. awamori, optimal conditions of action of which рН 5.0 and temperature 55 o С. Aspergillus are typical obligate aerobs, therefore they can develop only on the surface of solid or liquid medium or in a liquid, aerated enough medium.production of glucoamylase is actual problem nowadays because of its ability to hydrolase the starch which then can be applied as low -price glucose source for lots of industries. The purpose of this work is to investigate general method of producing glucoamylase enzyme and to choose the most optimal way of its production.
1. Literature review
.1 Characteristics of final product
.1.1 General notion about enzymes
Enzymes are biocatalysts produced by living cells to bring about specific biochemical reactions generally forming parts of the metabolic processes of the cells, they act as catalysts in bringing about chemical changes in substances.are highly specific in their action on substrates and often many different enzymes are required to bring about, by concerted action, the sequence of metabolic reactions performed by the living cell. All enzymes which have been purified are protein in nature, and may or may not possess a nonprotein prosthetic group.occur in every living cell, hence in all microorganisms. Each single strain of organism produces a large number of enzymes, hydrolyzing, oxidizing or reducing, and metabolic in nature. But the absolute and relative amounts of the various individual enzymes produced vary markedly between species and even between strains of the same species. Hence, it is customary to select strains for the commercial production of ...
