имінальне право, предмет
Criminal Law
Criminal law is the body of law that defines criminal offences, regulates the apprehension (арешт), charging (звінувачення), & trial of suspected persons, & fixes penalties & modes of treatment applicable to convicted offenders. Criminal law is only one of the devices by which organized societies pro tect the security of individual interests & assure the survival of the group. Criminal law to a substantial degree is concerned with wrongful acts or omissions. A crime is a public wrong against society, criminal actions are prosecuted by a government on behalf of the people. Among the purposes of punishment & of criminal law are the protection of the public & the deterrence of crime. Punishment is also imposed for the sake of the isolation & suppression of the criminal element of society. Crimes are classified as treason, felonies & misdemeanors. br/>
. Нотаріальні органи України, основні Функції
Notary Bodiestask of notary bodies in Ukraine is the promotion of legality, protection of state and personal property, rights and lawful interests of citizens, enterprises and public organizations by attesting contracts and performing other notary actions provided for by the law. The notary system of Ukraine consists of the subjects possessing the right to perform notary activity. There are public and private notaries, officials of executive committees in the local councils. All notary activity is divided into 4 groups:
1) notary activity directed at certifying indisputable right;
) notary activity directed at certifying indisputable fact;
) notary activity directed at certifying documents;
) protective notary activity. A citizen of Ukraine, who has higher legal education and at least three years of work experience, has passed the qualification examination and received notary's certificate, can hold the post of a notary. Notary offices help applicants to make wills, to draw up deeds of purchase-and-sale or conveyance of property. They verify copies of documents, certify seals, signatures gifts, translations of documents into Ukrainian and foreign languages. br/>
23. Огляд місця злочинна
Observation of a Crime Scene
The crime scene means the place or the areas where the crime takes place. The observation of a crime scene consists of direct survey of the happening, finding, collecting & protecting evidence, establishing circumstances which are significant for the investigation. The process of crime scene search usually includes preliminary, general observation, detailed search & final stages. At the preliminary stage the investigator keeps in mind the problems of ensuring crime scene protection, choosing & instructing witnesses, getting information of the happening. At the stage of general observation the investigator is to observe the general appearance of the situation noting everything at the scene. At the stage of detailed examination the investigator tries to answer a lot of different questions. At the final part of observation the investigator makes the conclusions taking into consideration all available information, makes the record of the crime scene observation & if necessary brings a criminal action. br/>
24. Встановлення особини потерпілого та картина злочинна
Identify of the Victim in Crimes of Homicide
The first problem in relation to the victim is to determine his identity. Establishment of the victim's identity is closely related to his history. The problem of identity is a serious difficulty when the victim is a stranger in the community or when his body has been decomposed or mutilated. Clothing & other items are examined for trade marks or laundry marks. Identification is best established by fingerprints if they were taken before death & that person was accurately identified at the time the prints were taken. Identification may be confirmed by other evidence which shows individual characteristics in facial or bode formation, marks, scars, dental work, clothing, provided that a living person can identity these characteristics. br/>
. Злочин та покарань. Віді покарань
Punishment
Punishment is a penalty inflicted by the state upon a person for committing a criminal offence. There are several kinds of punishment available to court. In civil cases the most common punishment is a fine. For criminal offences fines are also often used when the offence is not a serious one & when the offender has not been in trouble before. Another kind of punishment which is available in some cou...
