A Westfalia Separator paves the way for major potential savings by minimizing the use of fresh water and reducing the volume of residual sludge [17]. Is the most important factor in milk processing and the production of dairy products. This necessarily results in the use of considerable volumes of water for cleaning purposes. In addition, considerable quantities of waste water with volatile milk constituents, fats and proteins occur when milk is being processed, particularly during evaporation and spray-drying [33]. br/>
.2 Waste water treatment in dairies
After aerobic or anaerobic biological treatment of dairy waste waters, the residual sludge is sent through a clarifying decanter which efficiently dewaters the sludge before the clean water is recycled back into the process. A calculation by the Verband der deutschen Milchwirtschaft (Association of German Dairying) shows how in-plant waste water treatment pays: direct dischargers, i. e. operations with their own waste water processing facility, operate with costs that are up to two thirds lower than users of municipal waste water treatment plants [16].
7. Main wastewater problems
The problems of the wastewater from the slaughterhouses, tanneries and dairies result from the discharge of :: large amounts of BOD (slaughterhouses, tanneries and dairies). problems can be handled, as already mentioned, by biological wastewater treatment.: high values ​​of N Kj (slaughterhouses). Kj can be lowered by oxidation of organic compounds (proteins) followed by nitrification: conversion of ammonium (NH 4 +) into nitrate (NO 3 - ). To reduce the eutrophication potential of the wastewater, nitrate must be removed. This can be achieved by denitrification: conversion of nitrate (NO 3 - ) into nitrogen (N 2 ).: chromium (tanneries). can be handled by precipitation reactions, these are simple processes [ 37].
There are basically two types of biological wastewater treatment systems: aerobic and anaerobic systems. In Tables 4 and 5 represents the characteristics and the (dis) advantages of these systems are mentioned.
Table 4 *: depends on BOD-load.
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In view of the high BOD-load in the wastewater of tanneries, dairies and slaughte...
