l kinds of dirtying and contamination; therefore they must possess moistening, emulsifying and dispersive ability. In addition, they must be easily washed off after cleaning of surface, not corrode equipment and be harmless for operating personnel.the production of enzyme preparations for washing of equipment surfactants are used, mainly. From alkaline cleansers most widely used: caustic soda, calcinated soda, tripotassium sulphate.soda (ГОСТ 2263-59) is used for washing of apparatus and alkalizing of medium. Solid caustic soda must contain no less than 92-96% of caustic soda, liquid - no less than 42-50%. 'Soda is an effective mean for removing of organic admixtures. It is a colourless crystalline substance which dissolves in water good, forming solutions with high pH. Hot 2 - 3 -% solutions of caustic soda hydrolyze proteins well, slit carbohydrates, possess a bactericidal action. For washing of equipment it is possible to use 1 - 2% solutions. The lack of caustic soda is its strong corrodible action. For preparation of 1 - 2% solution of caustic soda 1 - 2 kg of it dissolve in a hot water and bring to a volume to 100 l.calcinated (sodium carbonate). Used for washing of apparatus and alkalizing of environment. A synthetic soda (ГОСТ 5100-64) is used in a microbiological production, containing 96,8% chemically clean substances.calcinated soda is weaker alkaline mean in comparison with a caustic soda. It is white fine-crystalline powder, good water-soluble. Hot solutions of the calcinated soda saponify fats and hydrolyze proteins well. For washing of equipment apply 1 - 2% solutions with a temperature 70 - 80 В° C (1 - 2 kg of soda dissolve in hot water and bring to a volume 100 l). Desinfectant large distribution in food industry have the next groups of chemicals : phenols, chlorine containing preparations, formaldehyde and quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC). [16] is 35 - 40% aquatic solution of gas of formaldehyde. Possesses bactericidal, sporicidal and fungicide action. In 5 -% solution of formalin spores perish through 30 min, in a 2 -% - through 60 min, in a 1 -% - through 2 h.is the combined disinfectant, contains in 1 m 3 of 100 kg solution of chloric lime, 75 kg of the calcinated soda and 10 kg of caustic soda. Solution of chloric lime (100 kg per 400 l of water) at 60 В° C pour in solution of the calcinated soda (75 kg per 500 l of water) and to this mixture add solution of caustic soda (10 kg per 75 l of water ). Mixture is settled by 12-24 hours and before the use dissolve with water in ratio 1: 30.is applied for disinfection of walls of shopfloors and storages. Sometimes 0,5 - 2% solution of chloric lime or 3 -% t solution of formalin is added to it. For the receipt of limewater one part of quicklime is dissolved in nine parts of water. Ammonia or ammoniac water is used as a source of nitrogen and regulator of medium рH. The ammonia of I brand contains ...
