he Russian language as "Нью-Хейвен". But, at the process of translation of Phidzherald's "The great Gatsby" the translator refused from the using of constant correspondence and translated the following sentence:
E.g. "I graduated from New Haven in 1915", as "Я закінчив Ієльського університет в 1915 році"
The context clearly shows that the name of the city is used in the Original text in figurative meaning, which is as the name of university situated at this city. And knowing and analyzing of reality help the translator to understand that well-known Yell University is situated in New Haven, USA. As far as Russian person may not know this fact, at this case using of constant correspondence will not provide communicative equality of translation., It is quite natural that because of the context the translator has to refuse from the using of one of the variant correspondences , and find the new way of translation. At all such cases the aim of translator is to find suitable contextual replacement. Let's have a look on several examples:
E.g. "He has a friendly attitude towards all"
We have already seen a lot of examples of using the word "attitude" in different contexts. Thus we understood that this word has several Russian correspondences, that is: "ставлення, позиція, поза, погляд", but these equivalents does not clearly show the exact meaning in which the word "attitude" is used in the utterance. But, at the occasional correspondence, it is clearly see that this word has Russian equivalent "відноситься", so above-mentioned utterance will be translated as:
Він до всіх ставиться по-дружньому.
Or another example: who have recently visited USSR, is writing about his impressions connected with the movements in Moscow, and further adding:
"Which for the stranger is the most visible sign of a city's vitality"?
There are several Russian equivalents for the word "Stranger" given in the dictionary. These correspondences are: "чужинець, незнайомець, стороння людина." Comparison of these equivalents with the given meaning of English word "stranger" makes impossible using any of this equivalent at the translation of given sentence. Lively motions are sign of dynamic city not only for "чужинця", so even stylistically this correspondence is less suitable for the given context. Let's have a look into another variant of translation, which is "незнайомець", we have to refuse from the using of this correspondence at once, because the word "незнайомець" is connected with the person who is not acquainted with anybody. And in the sentence we speak about person who is not acquainted with the city while he (Englishmen) can be well-known towards the people of that city. The third variant is also not suitable for ...
