tandard arrangement of material, required form, use of clich? s;
tendency to use complex sentences, reflecting subordination of one facts to another;
wide usage of terminology, specific vocabulary and phraseology, abbreviations;
subject-verb-object sentence order as priority;
weak individualization of style;
nearly complete absence of emotionally colored words. specialists define negotiations as the way to mutually profitable decisions and the agreement to plan common actions. There are 4 negotiation phases:
. Pre-negotiation.
. Conceptualization.
. Setting the details.
. Follow-up. the oral form of official style, negotiation discourse is characterized by such features, typical to all genres of this style, as brevity and simple phrase structure; use of professional vocabulary, specific clich? s; logically organized speech (consequent arguments statement). However, due to specific sphere of its usage, one should consider type of negotiations, their goals and structure, membership and pragmalinguistic factors.
One distinguishes following linguistic peculiarities of negotiation discourse:
terminology and vocabulary with positive connotation;
prevailing stereotypes, clich? s, which serve to pass information unambiguously;
use of interrogative sentences, various modal, evaluative means, etc., which express willingness to assume a commitment, solve problems, etc. parties should pay special attention to difference in foreign culture evaluative standards and individual characteristics of every other negotiator, choose optimal strategy (hard, soft, cooperative, constructive, principled, and approaching interests) and tactic («strangeness» tactic, tactic of composition dialogue , tactic of open and close questions, tactic of partial consent, tactic of reference to the facts, method of «human factor», tactic of digression)., in spite of the abundance of strategies and tactics, which are used during negotiations, none of them can be called universal and used as the only one for particular negotiation process. In every other case it is rational to choose and combine those strategies, which will suit negotiation goals and objectives.to negotiations one should, at first, consider peculiarities of foreign partners business style that will help to predict their behavior.and English negotiation styles considerably differ. Englishmen highly appreciate accuracy, punctuality, execution of commitments, work oriented, unemotional, differentiate social and private, get information from statistics, reference books, data bases; do not like to be under protection. Russian businessmen, on the contrary, are people oriented, emotional, mix personal and professional, prefer to receive the information first-hand orally, consider that interpersonal dialogue is the best form of time investment. of business communications is characterized by the fact that for each sphere it has its own specificity, one needs professional knowledge to understand many terms and expressions of business vocabulary and interpret them correctly. Apart from these features there are a number of the translation methods applied to transfer the s...
