tive, voluntary and determined to join this Organization. It is seen in the use of following verbs: reaffirm, are determined, seek to promote, are solved to unite, therefore agree to etc.modal verbs shall and will are mainly used in the Treaty. This is understandable because the Treaty also operates as a law. Shall have some uses to express willingness, intention and insistence. Moreover, shall can be used in legal and quasi-legal injunction. [10, p. 58] In case of will in this Treaty, we think it has the same meaning and it acts as an alternative to shall to make the text more literarily flexible. Shall and will here both indicate the obligations the partners have to fulfill. Shall and will are used in the following examples:
The Council shall set up such subsidiary bodies as may be necessary; in particular it shall establish immediately a defense committee ...
... which will inform the Governments of the other Parties of the deposit of each notice of denunciation.
Duly certified copies will be transmitted by that government ...
... North America shall be considered an attack against them all ...
Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereof shall immediately be reported to the Security Council .modal verb may and present perfect (each used twice) are used to indicate either optional choices or the events that have taken place sometimes.
The Parties may, by unanimous agreement, invite any other European State in a position to further the principles of this Treaty and to contribute to the security of the North Atlantic area to accede to this Treaty.
Any State so invited may become a party to the Treaty by depositing its instrument of accession with the Government of the United States of America. The Government of the United States of America will inform each of the Parties of the deposit of each such instrument of accession.
The Treaty shall enter into force between the States which have ratified it as soon as the ratification of the majority of the signatories ...
Such measures shall be terminated when the Security Council has taken the measures necessary to restore and maintain international peace and security .verb tense uses in the Treaty make the readers, especially the signatories of the Treaty think of necessary laws these partners are going to obey with no other choice.the Treaty contains typical usage of gerunds, infinitives and participles. Infinitives serve as an adjunct to verbs, nouns and adjectives:
... to safeguard the freedom, common heritage and civilization ...
They are resolved to unite their efforts for collective defense ...
In order more effectively to achieve the objectives of this Treaty ... contract also has constructions with participles.
The Treaty does not effect, and shall not be interpreted as affecting ...
... be so organized as to be able to meet promptly at any time ...
Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result ... are used in the following cases:
... by bringing about a better understanding of the principles upon which these institutions are founded, and by promoting conditions of stability and well-being.
Any State so invited may become a party to the Treaty by depositing its instrument ...
... the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith ...
... consult together for the purpose of reviewing the Treaty ... we find passive voice constructions, which are characteristic features of diplomatic documents, and allow abstracting from concrete performer and focusing on the actions:
They are determined to safeguard the freedom ...
They are resolved to unite their efforts
... which these institutions are founded ...
... independence or security of any of the Parties is threatened .the syntactical point of view, we notice the direct word order in the Treaty:
The Parties to this Treaty reaffirm their faith in the purposes ...
The Parties will contribute toward the further development ...
They will seek to eliminate conflict in their international ... the syntactical level long sentences are frequently used in diplomatic document:
The Parties undertake, as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations lt; # justify gt; CONCLUSION
aim of the course paper is to study the style of diplomatic documents. We have obser...
