f communicatively equivalent text on a target language (TL - translating language). Communications carried out by means of the translator can be named intercultural communications [Breus, 1998] .. N. Komissarov considers translation as a kind of language intermediary at which the maintenance of the text (original) speaking another language is translated to other language by creation in this language of communicatively equivalent text. The communicative equivalence is understood as ability of the text of translation to represent itself as full replacement of the initial text (in the functional, substantial and structural relation). He also states four linguistic theories in which frameworks translation process models are offered, and, accordingly, results four definitions of translation. According to denotative theories , translation is В«process of the description by means of a target language denotates, described on a source languageВ» [Commissioners, 1999]. According to transformational theory , В«translation is not that other, as transformation of units and source language structures to units and target language structures В»[Commissioners, 1999]. According to the semantic theory , translation В«consists in disclosing of essence of equivalent relations between the original and translation maintenanceВ» [Commissioners, 1999]. The theory of levels of equivalence offers В«the model of translational activity based on the offer that equivalence relations are established between similar levels of the maintenance of texts of the original and translation В»[Commissioners, 1999]. process is the search connected with a consecutive choice from possible variants. Carrying out this choice, the translator constantly uses own linguistic and когнітивними knowledge, and, besides, considers linguistic and когнітивні the knowledge of the future readers reflecting features of their culture.any more is not the isolated area of ​​a linguistic science. The translation process analysis has included new psycholinguistic and cognitive aspects [A. Chesterman, 2000]. Now while translating began to consider sociological, cultural urological and situational factors which have placed translation in a wide social context. Thus very much the great value is got by cultural and communicative aspects, on them becomes more emphasis, than on language of the text.years there were many descriptions of translation as cognitive process. All of them of hypothetical, presumable character because to comprehend that occurs in consciousness of the person at the moment of transformation of the maintenance expressed in one language form, to the same maintenance materialized in other language form...
