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Реферат Cognitive basis of translation





ole. What does "there" mean? Even discounting idiomatic uses such as "there, there, don't cry", we can be confronted by several possibilities. If something is "there" but not very far away, a Spaniard will say аЬн; if it is further away he or she will say а11н, unless there are connotations of "near there", "over yonder" or "on that side ", in which case the word is likely to be alia. Conversely, in colloquial French, all three" there "concepts plus the concept of" here "all tend to be expressed with the word la. So where is the thing ? are naturally enthusiastic about obscure words with local flavour, and are wont to declare them "untranslatable", but in reality these incredibly culture-laden terms are the easiest of all to translate, even more so than universal concepts such as "mother" ;. This is because it is standard practice to translate these words by the same word in the other language, borrowing it for the first time if necessary.more obscure and specific to a culture the term is, the simpler it is to translate. For example, the name of an insignificant settlement such as Europe in Australia is automatically just "Europe" in every language in the world that uses the Roman alphabet, whilst it takes some knowledge to be aware that Saragossa is Zaragoza, Saragosse, etc. or that China is Cina, Chine, and so forth.may also exist in one language which refer to concepts that don't exist in another language. For example, the French "tutoyer" 'and "vouvoyer" would both be translated into English as "to address as 'you'", since the singular informal second person pronoun is archaic in English. (On the other hand, depending on the context, the meaning of the French word "tutoyer", or Spanish " ; tutear ", could be translated as" to be on first name terms with ".), one of the main rules in translation is to" keep the context ", but isn't the language of the document itself the heart of the context that should be kept? serious problem of translation is that translating can be described as writing what you have read in another language. And yet how can one expect that the translator perfectly understands the original author? While this is the translator's job, it is the author who is praised for the work; but can a translation of Asimov be considered as Asimov's work? Could translation even be seen as "legal plagiarism"? Translations can be quite different from the original: for instance, one of the characters in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams is called Zaphod Beeblebrox while Adams 'French translator Jean Bonnefoiy thought it best to call him Zapi Bibici. While this is not a huge difference, it is there. Adams may not have been completely happy with this change, and is by a series of such small changes that a translation becomes an adaptation.


.2 Process of translation

translation process, whether it be f...


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